著名作家姜贻斌新小说集《漂泊记》读后感之一（原创首发））

萍庭鹤

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　　姜贻斌《漂泊记》中的人性与社会洞察​

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　　​文/萍庭鹤

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　　姜贻斌先生于中国言实出版社出版的《漂泊记》，以细腻笔触勾勒出生活百态，其中《摆渡谣》与《生山记》尤为引人注目，深刻展现了人性的复杂和社会变革中的众生相。​

　　《摆渡谣》聚焦一位乡村摆渡女的一生。从16岁起直至离世，摆渡成为她生命的主线。母亲早逝，随后父亲也离她而去，从此她独自承担起摆渡的营生。在这平淡却又充满故事的岁月里，有两段经历格外突出。她与一位帅气男子一见钟情，这段感情虽热烈却短暂，男子的一去不返成为她余生的牵挂。另一次，她不顾暴风发大水的危险，帮助被追赶的母女成功渡河，尽显勇敢与道义。尽管她渴望爱情、渴望成家，却始终未能如愿，只能与小猪小鸡相伴，日复一日地摆渡。小说通过她的经历，生动地呈现出人性中对爱情的执着与对他人的善意。她的爱情向往通过闲来无事时唱的摆渡谣抒发，而结尾的歌谣更是给读者留下无尽思索。与《边城》中的翠翠相比，摆渡女更大胆地展现了自己的情感，尽管在面对异性追求时，她们都有着传统女性自我封闭的一面，但摆渡女的经历更为丰富，既有大胆的以身相许，也有勇敢的救助他人之举。这不仅体现了人物性格的差异，更反映出不同生活轨迹对人性的塑造。从这个角色身上，我们能深刻感受到人生如同一场摆渡，每个人都在为自己和他人摆渡，而摆渡的对象与心情则构成了人生的丰富色彩。​

　　《生山记》以警员的视角，为我们讲述了围绕“吴神仙”（吴生山）展开的一系列故事。故事开篇，煤矿发生棺材被盗案件，吴神仙凭借精准判断，迅速协助警方破案，展现出非凡的智慧。然而，他的生活并非一帆风顺，煤矿倒闭使他下岗，此后开办网吧也因环境因素失败，最终迫于生计，选择在乡村做道场。他本是高才生，因社会取消高考和自身身体原因，未能进入理想学府，却在做道场的过程中，凭借聪明才智使生意逐渐红火。这一过程深刻反映了社会变革对底层人物的影响。但他的成功引发了同行的嫉恨，八木匠因之前棺材被盗案件怀恨在心，对他大打出手。在警方的努力下，凶手最终被绳之以法。本以为生活会好转，吴神仙却又遭遇不测，被人推入水塘淹死。小说通过吴神仙的经历，全面展现了底层人物在社会变革中的艰难谋生历程。他超人的才质，如对丧礼歌的深刻理解与精准记忆，却无法改变他艰难的生活处境，这进一步凸显了底层劳动者生存的艰难。他们在社会变革的浪潮中，经历着生与死的考验，努力维系着生命与家族，这样的故事给人带来深刻的启示，让我们看到社会变革对小人物命运的巨大影响。​

　　姜贻斌在《漂泊记》中，通过《摆渡谣》和《生山记》这两个故事，成功塑造了极具代表性的人物形象，深入挖掘了人性的多面性，并深刻洞察了社会变革对底层人物的冲击。这些故事不仅是对个体命运的描绘，更是对社会现实的深刻反思，让读者在阅读中感受到生活的无奈与人性的光辉，以及社会变革带来的深远影响。

正文英文版：

Insight into Humanity and Society in Jiang Yibin's The Book of Wandering​

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By Pingtinghe​

Jiang Yibin's The Book of Wandering, published by China Yanshi Press, delicately portrays various aspects of life with its nuanced brushstrokes. Among them, The Ferry Song and The Story of Shengshan are particularly eye-catching, profoundly revealing the complexity of human nature and the panorama of all living beings in social transformation.​

The Ferry Song focuses on the life of a rural ferrywoman. From the age of 16 until her death, ferrying becomes the main thread of her life. Her mother passed away early, and then her father also left her. Since then, she has taken on the ferry business alone. In these ordinary yet story - filled years, two experiences stand out. She fell in love at first sight with a handsome man. Although this relationship was passionate, it was short - lived, and the man's departure became her lifelong concern. Another time, despite the danger of a violent storm and rising floodwaters, she helped a mother and daughter who were being chased to cross the river successfully, fully demonstrating her courage and righteousness. Although she longed for love and a family, she never achieved her wish. She could only accompany her little pigs and chickens and ferry day after day. Through her experiences, the novel vividly presents the persistence in love and the kindness to others in human nature. Her yearning for love is expressed through the ferry songs she sings when she has nothing to do, and the ending song leaves the readers with endless thoughts. Compared with Cuicui in Border Town, the ferrywoman shows her emotions more boldly. Although both of them have the self - enclosed side of traditional women when facing the pursuit of the opposite sex, the ferrywoman has a richer experience, with both the bold act of giving herself to someone and the brave act of rescuing others. This not only reflects the differences in character but also the shaping of human nature by different life trajectories. From this character, we can deeply feel that life is like a ferry. Everyone is ferrying for themselves and others, and the objects and feelings of ferrying constitute the rich colors of life.​

The Story of Shengshan tells a series of stories centered around "Wu Shenxian" (Wu Shengshan) from the perspective of a police officer. At the beginning of the story, a case of coffin theft occurred in a coal mine. With his accurate judgment, Wu Shenxian quickly assisted the police in solving the case, showing extraordinary wisdom. However, his life was not all smooth sailing. The closure of the coal mine made him unemployed. Later, his attempt to open an Internet café failed due to environmental factors. Finally, forced by livelihood, he chose to conduct Taoist ceremonies in the countryside. He was originally a highly talented student. Due to the cancellation of the college entrance examination in society and his own physical reasons, he failed to enter his ideal university. But in the process of conducting Taoist ceremonies, he made his business thrive with his intelligence and talent. This process deeply reflects the impact of social transformation on grassroots people. However, his success aroused the jealousy of his peers. The Eight - carpenter in the coal mine, who held a grudge because of the previous coffin - theft case, beat him up. With the efforts of the police, the murderer was finally brought to justice. Just when he thought his life would get better, Wu Shenxian encountered an accident and was pushed into a pond and drowned. Through the experiences of Wu Shenxian, the novel comprehensively shows the difficult livelihood - seeking process of grassroots people in social transformation. His extraordinary talents, such as his profound understanding and accurate memory of funeral songs, could not change his difficult living situation, which further highlights the hardship of the survival of grassroots laborers. In the tide of social transformation, they experience the tests of life and death and strive to maintain their lives and families. Such stories bring profound enlightenment, allowing us to see the huge impact of social transformation on the fate of small people.​

In The Book of Wandering, through the two stories of The Ferry Song and The Story of Shengshan, Jiang Yibin successfully creates highly representative characters, deeply explores the multi - faceted nature of human nature, and profoundly observes the impact of social transformation on grassroots people. These stories are not only depictions of individual fates but also profound reflections on social reality, allowing readers to feel the helplessness of life, the glory of human nature, and the far - reaching impact of social transformation during reading.

注解：读书笔记——

　　《漂泊记》是著名作家姜贻斌先生在中国言实出版社出版的一部新作品。其中有一个故事写得非常感人，给人留下深刻印象。​

　　《摆渡谣》是一个短篇小说。文中叙述了在乡村地带，一个女子一生摆渡的经历，从16岁开始，直到她去世，都在一条河流上摆渡。她的母亲早年病逝，父亲陪伴着她度过了一些日子，靠摆渡生活，但是不幸父亲也早早去世了。文中刻画了这个女子在摆渡生活中帮人们渡河的故事，其中插叙了她的一些亲身经历和所思所想。女子独自一人在这条河流上给人渡河。文章主要叙述了两个重要事件：一个是巧遇一位帅气的男子，两人一见钟情，发生了少男少女偷情的故事。女子从此便怀念着这个男子，可是男子再也没有出现过，她再也没有遇到过那个男子。第二件事是一对母女因被人们追赶逃跑，深夜来到这里，冒着暴风发大水的危险，渡河女把她们送过对岸，使她们逃过了人们的追捕，女子的勇敢和道义在这件事上体现得淋漓尽致。女子虽然没有找到意中人成家立业，但是她有渴望得到异性伴侣的强烈愿望。遗憾的是，她始终没有碰到一个让她能下嫁的如意郎君，整天只能和她的小猪小鸡们相伴，靠摆渡过日子。就是这样一位女子，在岁月的长河中像流星一样划过了她的一生。小说故事里引用了女子闲来无事时唱的儿歌，歌词抒发了女子强烈的爱情向往和内心的不安。小说结尾以“天上云起三日阴，遮掉河下龙翻身，大龙翻身三日雨，小龙翻身三日阴，娇莲翻动想情人”的歌谣，给读者留下无尽的思索。整篇小说类似于《边城》中翠翠的设定，不同的是，这个女子比翠翠更大胆，更敢于表露自己的情感，只是她的这种表露是在独自一人的时候展现出来的。这篇小说中的女子终其一生，大多在渡河中度过了自己的一生，而《边城》里的翠翠，作者没有交代她最后的结局，留给读者思考。这个女子和翠翠不同，她经历的事件不同，有过大胆的以身相许，有过大胆的对他人的救助，但是在面对异性追求的时候，她和翠翠都有传统女性自我封闭的特点。小说的寓意很深刻，人生就是一场摆渡，每一个人一辈子都是为自己摆渡，为别人摆渡，只是摆渡的对象不同，摆渡时的心情不同。​

　　《生山记》以一个警员的视角，叙述了一个复杂的故事。小说的背景是以一个煤矿所在地为依托，围绕“吴生山”（人称“吴神仙”）这个人所发生的故事。第一件事情是煤矿里发生了几口棺材被盗的事件，通过吴神仙的精准判断，很快破案，这起案件居然是煤矿八木匠监守自盗，把棺材偷回了家里。第二件事情是他协助派出所破案，准确率很高，但是他经历了煤矿倒闭下岗的变故。在另外一起案件侦破过程中，张师傅的儿子应伢子落水而亡，派出所破案遇到难题。经过吴神仙的精准判断，很快得知是因为煤矿的张师傅家里有珍贵的古董，他的儿子硬要前去水塘边和古董商谈价，不幸被古董商抢夺文物推入河中淹死。案件很快告破。在这个事件过程当中，还写了吴神仙开办网吧的创业过程，但是因为环境的原因，网吧的生意无法维持生计，他只得选择放弃网吧营业。吴神仙本名叫吴生山，因生活所迫，选择了在乡村做道场谋生。通过闲谈，“我”发现吴神仙居然是一个高才生。因为社会取消高考和他本人身体的原因，本有望能考上清华北大的高材生，却落魄地做道场先生来维持生计。然而，吴神仙的聪明才智让他的道场生意（红白喜事）不断红火，遭到了同行的嫉恨，被打得浑身是伤，造成重伤，让“我”前去破案。经过吴神仙的判断，殴打他的人是也开了喜丧公司的曾经的煤矿八木匠，因为在盗取棺材的案件中，吴神仙提供了线索，让警方精准破案，八木匠怀恨在心。通过警方的积极努力，终于把凶手抓捕归案，并判了重刑。一天，“我”突然接到吴神仙的电话，说他成立了一家生山公司并自任总经理，生意火爆。但不久之后，他的儿子突然报案说他被人推入水塘淹死了。小说中描述了底层人物在社会变革中艰难谋生的经历。通过闲谈，叙述了吴神仙超人的才质。他甚至能把丧礼歌中的原词一字不落全部背下来。因为读书很多，对丧礼歌理解深刻。就是这样一位具有学识和才华的人，却无法通过正常劳动过上正常的生活。底层劳动者生存的艰难可想而知。在社会变革的过程当中，每一个底层的劳动者都经历着生与死的艰难磨练。他们用自己的生命艰难地生活，艰难地度过难以维系生命和家族的艰难日子，给人深刻的启示。​

　

　　

欧阳梦儿

老师，中财的原创首发， 是指未在任何地方出现过。包括日志、微信、纸媒等。

欧阳梦儿

个人认为英文部分可以略去，后面汉字翻译与前面部分雷 同较多，何不加强前面部分取后面部分而代之？

总体来说，具有一定读用价值。

萍庭鹤

欧阳梦儿 发表于 2025-3-13 10:37
个人认为英文部分可以略去，后面汉字翻译与前面部分雷 同较多，何不加强前面部分取后面部分而代之？

总 ...

万分感谢，祝福万事如意

萍庭鹤

欧阳梦儿 发表于 2025-3-13 10:29
老师，中财的原创首发， 是指未在任何地方出现过。包括日志、微信、纸媒等。

是的，万分感激版主，祝福万事如意